Hydraulic press



May 31,1927.

HYDRAULIC PRESS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 28. 1921 Patented 'May 31, 1927.

wnmmu B. xocnnnmiaraa, or CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

mrnnatrmc Panes.

Application flied October 28, 1921. Serial No. 511,218.

My invention relates to vertically-disposed, hydraulically operated tworessure compressing mechanism, and one ject of 1 my invention is to provide a structure of 5 this type particularly arranged for de-hydrating-masses of boiled garbage, acking- .house tankage, or other matter 0 similar nature, pulpy or otherwise, to be de-hydrated; the li uid content thereof draining or during the compressing action. A further object of my invention is to provide means for delivering measured uantities of material to the compressing c amber.

A further'object of my invention is to provide special valve mechanism whereby I can assure com lete separation of the material in the tanlis from that in the delivery spouts leading .to the. press; such valve mechanism also including amechanically operated cut-off of a tvpe capable of shearing any character of oreign material; metallic or otherwise, associated with the garbage or'other material to be de-hydrated.

A further object of myinvention is to provide special means for draining off the liquid portion of the boiled garbage, tankage, or'other material operated upon, in an efficient and cleanly manner, and to provide 0 means for straining the same, in order that the final eflluent may ass to any water course without danger of or filling it with solid material.

And a still further object of my invention is to provide simple and eflicient means for discharging compressed bodies of the garbage; tankage, or the like, from the ,press- These and other features of my invention are more fully described hereinafter; refer- 40 ence being-had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is an elevation, partly in section, of hydraulic compressing 'mechanism within the scope of my invention.

Fig. 2, is an enlarged elevation of a portion of the structure 'shown in Fig. 1, partly in section on the line 'II -II.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5, are sectional plan views on the lines IIIIII, IV-IV, and .V-V, ,Fig. 2. g 1

Fig. 6, is an elevation, partly in section on the lineVl-VI, Fig. 2, and I Fig.. 7, is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 2, partly in section, illustrating a modification within the'sco e of my invention. V In the, disposition o boiled garbage,tankpolluting the same age, and the like, it is essentially necessary to dispose of the liquid content thereof. It is desirable from many stand oints that this be done in an efiicient and c eanly manner, and in addition to many important details of construction, the structure forming the subject of my invention has been especially designed for this purpose.

In the draw1ngs,1 represents the cylinder of an hydraulic press, containing a ram or plunger 2, to the upper end of which a compressing head3, may be attached; the latter being arranged formovement within a compressing chamber 4, formed in a cylinder 4. A perforated drainage plate 5, may.

be disposed upon the engaging face of said head 3, and suitably secured thereto; said head 3 or the plate- 5, being provided with ribs 6 to provide drainage channels 7, whereby the liquid content of the material being compressed may be carried off. At

the opposite end of thestructure, in the present instance the upper end, a second cylinder 10, is provided, within which may be disposed a second ram or plunger 11, having a head 12, adapted to fit into the upper end of the cylinder 4* and close the compressing chamber 4.

Fluid under pressure to lower the ram or plunger 11, and raise the ram or plunger 2,

tively moved in the upward direction-only.

by id. entering via pipes 14; such fluid exhausting through the same pipes by way of special valves which maybe alternately inlet and exhaust valves, as required. These pistons (not shown) are carriedby piston rods 15, which may be connected at 16, to

arms 17, projecting laterally from the plunger 11. I The chamber 4 of the compressing mechanism is arrangedto receive'boiled garbage,

tankage, or the like, from a suitable receptacle (or receptacles) disposed above the same so that the material to be compressed may be delivered by gravity, and by prefer-' ence this chamber is arranged to receive pair of tahks, indicated the cylinder 4, duringthe filling and commanner hereinafter described.

pressing operations; being raised when it, is

desired to discharge the compressed cheese of garbage, tankage, or the like, in the Communicating with the receiving chamber 20, is a delivery spout .22, leading from the elevated receptacle.- By preference I provide a pair of spouts through which the material to be compressed may be delivered from the tanks A and B; which spouts are properly valved to facilitate proper and regulable discharge 'of the material contained in said tanks. At the points of delivery from the tanks, special hydraulicall operated shearing valves 23, are preferab y provided for the purposeof cutting ofi'cle'anly I I may provide an hydraulically operate the material discharged from the tanks; said shear .valves being of a character capable of severing an hard body. of any nature that ma be 'foun with the boile garbage or tan age. These valves have a cutting edge- 23, and they may be operated by a piston 23 in a cylinder 23.

' At the lower end of each delivery spout gate valve 24, which are closed while either spout is filling from its tank. As soon as a spout fills, its shearing valve may be closed, and aft'erthis has been done, its gate valve maybe opened, and the contents of such spout will discharge into the compress. ing chamber 4, through the casing 21 of the receiving chamber 20, when the compressing chamber is ready to receive the same; that is to say, when the ram or plunger 2 has been lowered to provide the space to receive the garbage or tankage'.

Before the gate valve 24 has been opened to. admit the garbage to the compressing chamber, the ra n or phin er 11 has been raised, by the admission 0 pressur to tha auxiliary cylinders 13 pressure to move the pistons in said cylin ers being introduced through the pipes 14, and "such' pressure.

is constantuntil low (pressure'is admitted to the cylinder 10 an causes the 'mm or plunger 11 to lower-whereby its head 12 may close the upper end of the cylinder 4' containing the compressing chamber' i.

, The movable skirt or casing 21, forming the chamber 20, is provided with apertures or openings 25, on o posite' sides, which register with the valv discharge outlets of such liquid .disc

,the respective delivery spouts 22. After material from either spout has discharged into the compressing chamber 4, the gate valve of such spout is closed, and then the ram or plunger 11, with its head 12, is caused to descend by admission of low pressure to the cylinder 10, via a pipe 26; thelatter pressure overcoming the constant pressure in the pull-back cylinders '13, the pistons or which serve to maintain the rain or plunger 11 in the elevated position. -Both of the cylinders 1 and 10 are open" to pressure from the same sourcebut under separate valve control, and as soon as the head 12 of the upper ram or plunger 11 is; in place, low pressure is introduced into the lower cylinder 1, via a pipe 27, from a. common source, and by preference the valve 5 controlling this admission of pressure is off-f such a characted that when the compressing plunger 2 has effected the, maximum-com-Y j pression under low pressure it will auto-,

matically change its position, and in such second. position it will serve to admit'high'r pressure to both cylinders-1 and 10; holding. the uplper-head 12 in place by reason of'the' fact t at its .ram or plunger 11 is of greater area than the ram 'or plunger 2 carrying the compressing head 3, thereby efl'ecting compression to the maximum degree bythe operation of'such compressing head until the maximum amount of free liquid contained therein and which can be removed by the tonnage of the press. from the boiled In the form of structure illustrated in 1 Figs. 1, 2, et seq.,'the head 12, which fits garbage or tankage, has been extracted.

within the upper end of the compressing chamber 4, is provided with an annular groove 30, whi registers with an annular groove 31 formed in the wall of said'chamher 4, and b slightly reducing the diameter of the hea 12 bel w said annular space 32 is rovided or the assage of the liquid squeezed from the gar age at ve 30, an

the-top of the mass, as indicated in Fig. 1,

and this liquid may pass through outlets 33 formed in the wall of, the cylinder. 1, to

pipes 34.. The liquid passin from the mass of garbage or other materia' at the bottom of'the same, may drain through the perfo rated late 5, carried by the head .3 throng openings 35 formed in said argin throu h outlets 36, formed in the endwall 37, o. the cylinder 4, vand passing to pipes 38. The pipes 34 and. 38 connect with a main or manifold 39, which in turn may be connected to a double, continuous flow strainer 40, forming part of a suitabledrainage system.

In the form-of structure shown 'in'Fig. 7, the up r compressing head 12 of the and ram or 'p uger 11, may be provided with a' 5 suitablyseeured ,thereto'.

drainage plate said plate 5,

or the .head12 being provided head; a

with ribs 6, to form drainage channels com-- which the liquid content of the material being compressed may drain through the outlets 33,and pipes 34, to the strainer 40.

The upper ram or plunger 11 is raised by pistons disposed in the auxiliary cylinders 13, which may be supported by the cylinder 10; such ram or plunger 11 being lowered by the low pressure admitted to the cylinder 10 which overcomes the constant. pressure in said pull-back cylinders 13. The skirt or casing 21 may be raised and lowered by double-acting pistons disposed in cylinders 41, which may also be carried by the cylinder 10, and which may be disposed at right angles to the cylinders 13. The pistons in said cylinders 41 are connected to piston rods 42, which are in turn connected to the skirt or casing as indicated at 43. Pressure to operate thepistons in the cylinders 41 may enter the same via pipes 44 and 45, and

the operation of these pistons is controlled by a valve independent of the valve controlling the pressure to act upon'the rams or plungers 2 and 11'.

The upper and lower cylinders 10 and 1, and the cylinder 4 containing the compressing chamber may be connected together b rods or bolts 46; the free ends of which may pass through apertures in flanges 47.

' and 48, carried by the respective cylinders.

These bolts may also pass through apertured bosses 49 carried by the skirt or casing 21. The heads of the cylinders 10 and 1 I are suitably packed as indlcated at 51 and 52,

withthe necessary glands 53 and 54 to insureproper joints, and the end wall 37 of the cylinder 4 may also be packed at 55, with a' gland 56, to maintain a tight joint with the lower ram or plunger 2.

After the contents of the compressing chamber have been compressed to the desired extent, the pressure holding the upper compressing head is relieved, and the con tents of the chamber may be raised until the lower compressing head is one level with the upper end of the compressing chamber. At the same time the upper ram or plunger is lifted by the pistons in the pull-back cylinders 13; the skirt or casing 21 being liftedv at the same time by the pistons in the cylinders 41, and the pressed body of garbage, tankage, or the like, usually termed a cheese is ready for removal; being supported by the lower ram or'plunger at the level of the open end of the cylinder 4 containing the compressing chamber 4. This removal may be effected by means of a plunger 58, connected to a suitable'piston mountedin a cylinder 59, shown in Fig. 2, which may be provided with the usual piping and connections for the, introduction and exhaust of pressure to effect the movement of such piston, (not shown). This cylinder 59 may be supported by a bracket 60, carried by the rods or bolts 46, and the discharged cheese may pass to a chute 61, for delivery to a suitable co'hveyer.

It will be noted that the skirt or casing 21 is in place in engagement'with the upper end of the cylinder 4 containing the co1npressing chamber 4, with the upper compressing head in'the upper part of said skirt or casing, when the contents of the delivery spouts are passed to the compressing chamber. By having a pair of delivery spouts it is possible to be filling one from one or a set of cooking tanks while the other is discharging, and vice versa.

I claim:

1. In a hydraulic press, the combination of a vertically disposed cylinder, a pair of unobstructed heads vertically movable with respect to said cylinder; the upper head fitting within and serving normally as a closure for one end of the cylinder and the lower head sliding within the cylinder and serving as a com ressing element, a plurality of means for delivering fixed charges of material to the compressing chamber, a movable casing closing the upper end of the cylinder and through which-such material is charged into the cylinder; said upper head being adapted to operate within said casing out of contact therewith, pressure means actuated from a common source for moving said heads to- 'ward each other, auxiliary means for lifting the upper head while the lower head is at rest, and independent means for imparting vertical movement to said casing.

2. In an hydraulic press, the combination of a cylinder, a pairot heads movable with respect to said cylinder; one of said heads serving normally as a closure for one end of the cylinder and the other head serving as a compressing element, a movable casing covering the upper end of saidcylinde'r, a delivery spout through which a fixed charge of material may bepassed to said casing and thence to the cylinder; said casing surrounding the upper head and being apertured for registry with the delivery spout, and means for raising and lowering said casing to permit the inlet and discharge of material to and from the compressing cylinder.

.3. In an hydraulic press, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of heads movable with respect to said cylinder oneof said'heads being movable within the cylinder. and serv- I v ing normally as a closure forone end of the same and theother head serving as a compressing element, a pair of delivery spouts disposed on opposite sides of the compressing cylinder and through which fixed charges of material may be alternately delivered to the chamber of. said cylinder, hydraulically operated valve carried by the pressed, of a vertically disposed cylinder, a

movable head fitting within and serving as a closure for the' upper end of said 0 linder, a compressing head vertically movab e within said cy1inder,'means for delivering to said cylinder material to be compressed 1n measured quantities, a movable casing through which' such material is charged into the cylinder 'and in which the upper head is adapted to operate out of contact therewith;

33 the latter being in the raised position during a the feeding operation, drainage means carried by each of said heads, means for carrying drained liquid away from the cylinder, and means for discharging the compressed body of material when thelatter is raised to the top of the cylinder.

* 5. In hydraulic compressing mechanism for garbage and the like, the combination of a cylinder forming a compressing chamber, ahead axially movable with respect to said chamber and normally closing one .end

, of the same, a movable head within said chamber, independent rams or plungers for independently operating said heads; the head normally closin chamber occupying a xed position during compressive movement of the other, provisionfor carrying oif li uid drained through said heads, a spout or delivering material to thecompressing chamber, a shearing valve carried by the upper end of said spout, a movable casing carried by the upper end of the compressing chamber and having an opening for mregistry with the delivery spout, and a plunger at the upper end of the compressing chamber for removing the body of material compressed within said chamber when said body has been lifted to the upper end of the, latter.

6. In'an hydraulic press, the combination .a of a vertically disposed cylinder, a pair of unobstructed heads movable with respect to said cylinder; one of said heads fitting within and serving normally as a closure for one end of the cylinder and the other head being movableflwithin the cylinder and serving as a compressing element, means for delivering chargs of material to be "compressed to the c linder, a movable easing through-which such material ;is charged.

into the cylinder and in-which the upper head normally closingone end of the cylinder is adapted to operate out of contact therewith, pressure means actuated from a common source for moving said heads, pres one end of said.

sure means for moving said casing independently of the upper head, and drai nage means carried by the respective heads.

7. In an hydraulic press, the combination of a vertically disposed cylinder, a pair of heads movable with respect to said cylinder; the up er head fitting within and serving normal y as a closure for one end of the cylinder and the lower head being mov able within the cylinder and serving as a compressingwlement, a plurality of means for delivering fixed charges of material to the compressing chamber,\a movable casing closing the upper end of the cylinder and 8. In an'hydraulic press, the combination of a cylinder a pair of heads each vertically movable with respect to said cylinder, one of said heads having a portion fitting within and serving normally as a closure for the .upper end of the cylinder and the other head being movable within the cylinder below the upper head and serving as a compressing element, a fixed delivery spout through which measured charges'of material may be delivered to the cylinder, a shearing valve carried by said delivery spout, a gate valve also carried by said delivery out, pressure actuated means for indepen ently operating said valves, and means for actuating both of said compressing heads in a vertical direction.

9. In an hydraulic press, the combination ofia cylinder, a pair of heads movable with respect to said cylinder; one of said heads serving normally as a closure for one end of the cylinder and the other headbeing movable within the cylinder and serving as a compressing element, a movable casing covering the upper end of said cylinder, a delivery spout through which a fixed charge of material may be passed to said casing and thence to the cylinder; said casing surrounding the upper head and being apertured for registry with the delivery spout, cut-ofi means carried by said delivery spout, and means for raising and loweringsaid casing to permit the inlet and discharge pressing cylinder. 4 10. Inhydraulic com ressing mechanism for garba e and the li e, the combination of a cylin er' forming, a compressing chainber, a head movable axially and normally closing one end of said chamber, a movable provision for moving the same axially with respect to the ii pper end of the compressing cylinder; one head occupying a fixed position during the com ressive movement of the other, provision or carrying efi liquid drained through said heads, a spout for delivering material to the compressing chamber, a shearing valve carried by the upper end of said spout a gate valve carried by the lower end of said spout, a movable casing carried at the up er end of the compressin chamber an 'jhaving an opening for registry with the delivery spout, means for raising and lowering said movable casing, and a plunger at the upper end of the compressing chamber for removin the compressed body of material within the compressing chamber when the latter has been lifted to the upper end of the same.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification.

WILLIAM B. KOCHENDERFER. 

